Reference cabinet



Feb. 20, 1940. w. wALMsLEY REFERENCE CABINET Filed Nov. 22, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet l .Feb. 20, 1940. w. wALMsLEY REFERENCE CABINET Filed NOV. 22, 1937 3 SheetSSheet 2 Feb.. 20, 1940. A w. wALMsl -EY 21,190,814

REFERENCE CABINET Filed Nov. 22, 193'? 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 FIZ WHITE BASIC SPONGE LBS lol

digs.

Patented Feb. 20, 1940 g Y antan UNITED f STATES PATENT p-oFFlcE i t t `aniomyf* REFERENCE CABINET H y WilliamWalmsley,"Chicagg'lll. y Application November 22, i9s'z`,.seriaiNo.1v5,991

Myinvention relates to reference iiles for ma terials required in the production of `commodities and particularly `for ingredients for producing all types `of `yeast-raised baking doughs, cakes 51"; and other chemically leavenedbaking mixtures',

pies, icings, llings, toppings, etc.; and my main object is to provide a cabinet having effective i `and proven reference'means which control,\simplify and expedite the taskiof procuring the lozproper `amount and type of ingredients for af` complete variety of bakery products, with effective means for vthe simple interchangeability of formulas in any mixing sequence whenever required. i o

1s A further object of the invention is toprovide a reference cabinet with means which accurately specify the kind and amounts ofthe necessary ingredients required i fori a desired n isize as" a 20 ering a complete variety of baking formulas and. i

eliminating excessive under and `over` production one of moreitypes of fundamental orbasicsponges any i of which may contain patent flour, whole wheat `flour-or rye our, each special type f spongei being suitable for the production `of a variety of w 80 1yeast'eraised products, and each basic spongeiand i variety baking `douglas `therefrom being of the desired weight or batchsize -to iiuctuations in orders; i T i v A further object `of the invention is-tot include 35 in-the novel cabinet a peculiar master `timing mechanism operable in conjunction iwithkinde-i` pendently operated timing discs, the `master timer automatically controllingthe correct Vdivision of each baking dough variety formulas employ-` i 4Q Jing a basic `sponge dough.` i

`An. additional object of the invention is to` incorporate in `the cabinet a novel perforated sliding mechanism which automatically indicates the amount of yeast necessary for each variety Motbaking dough in conjunction withthe desired fermentationperiod of theibasic'spongeused,V

i the peculiar design of the slidealso permitting;

being used for other types of baking formulas i or mixtures. Y. T i

ing the amounts of the ingredients required in x Another object of `'the inventionlisV to provide i means in the novel cabinet for readilydeterminf relation to any predetermined `amount of fermented basic sponge for-thevarious yeast-raised .baking dough formulas used. y i I c..

An additional object of `the `invention is to incorporate inthe novel cabinet `other means whereby `the complete formula for the i total amount of basic sponge required by the `varii ous product for-mulas is readily determined. i 5,;

` which may suggest themselves `front-thedescription to follow, a better understandingof the in-` vention Imay be had by` reference to the accomi panyng drawings, in whichi liig.` 1` is aniend` view ofthe novelreference 16" cabinet asiadapted for support on a horizontal i objectpsuchwas a ltable or Iwork bench;

Fig. 2 is asimilar viewshowing the cabinet asadapted for support from `a vertical surface, 2b

such as the face of` a wall or post; i i

Fig. `3 is a front velevation of the cabinet partly` i broken away; i y i i' i I y i Fig.` 4 is an enlarged elevation of a portion of the cabinet broken'awayto `expose `the interior; i

Fig.y 5 is azplan view of a detail; i 5 Eig, 6 isla section on the line 6 5 of Figs. `"l and 8 are plan views of example charts enriployed in the `novel cabinet; i i u IFig. 9 is a plan view showing'a computing unit; and l. n t l t 80 FigrlO is a` plan View showing the computing unit in greater detail. i i :In `the `baking industry,l various `formulas i are employed i for reference `when preparing sponge doughs straight doughs, othertypes of yeast-` W raised doughs and other `baking mixtures. `One system of reference may employ alarge frame or cabinet` bearing` the entire array ofiormulas without distinction as.. to importance or frei quency ofuse. It is apparentthat a reference system of this type `creates frequent "opportunitiesfor `confusion and error in such items as ingredients and their weights, resulting inl spoiled mixes andnon-uniform or unsalable products.

Another method of filing formulas is by impali ing them on adesk Spindieor nook, or tying them together with'a string and suspending them from a hook, orby a card system or iria book. Obviously, much time maybe lost inan attempt to 'nd the proper' formula 'by these systems, not 50` to speak' of chances to make-errors and thein'A evitable soiling `or tearing of the sheets or cards so that theyiquickly become unt `for use. `A

still furtherimethod involves daily repetition in copying identical kinds and amounts of in- 55,1

gredients for individual mixtures and is costly bei cause much time may be unnecessarily devoted daily to copying reference items. It is' obvious that should the same formula be used several times during the days work copying the names, weight or amounts of ingredients of mixtures isv unnecessary repetition, consumes Valuable time, creates confusion, and invites frequent error, It has therefore been my intention to eliminate the above difculties bythe provision of a file cabinet which minimizes complications, hazards and efforts incident to the selection and placement of formulas and also the filing of unwanted formulas in the baking industry or in fields dealing with corresponding conditions. y In contemplating a unit for a formula file, a

cylinder or roll bearing the formula in relationto a master card for a given product appears-to be they most eiicient expedient. Thus, with values stepped on" along the periphery of the cylinder, the rotary adjustment of the latter in relation to the master card will present the successive values in positions adjacent to the card and so facilitate the reading or selection of such values.

In accordance with the foregoing, specilic *ref-j erence to thefdrawings indicates the novel lecabinet at' i5, the samehaving front and Hackwalls |5a and |513 whichare secured to the stock cated by dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2, and its position at any angle may be controlled by a spring knob having a tooth formation 19a cooperative with a disk 20 carried byone of tHe stand brackets ita, so that the cabinet may be iixed at any desired position for easy reference orreading. Reasons for rendering the cabinet rotatable are to use both faces of thecabinet and to make either the wall Ilial or |5b accessible from the front; by tilting the cabinet to the position indicated by lines in Figs. land 2, access is had for the handy removal or insertion of'.

the cylindrical units contained in the Acabinet by way of the top and bottom thereof.

The units just referred to comp-rise a `set of cylinders 2| which occupy vertical positions vin i the cabinet `whenthe latter is in normal or upright position, While any numberof cylinders may be employed, the present illustrations show eight on each side of the cabinet, in two vertically-spaced rows of four each. Eachof the cylinders is positioned between the top or bottom of the cabinet yand inner partitions 22, and is designed for insertion or removal by lWay of a full-sized opening in said top or bottom foreach cylinder. The cylinders have outwardly projecting knobs Zia by means of which they-arek removed or inserted, and a mechanism located at 23 serves to retain or release each cylinder relative to the cabinet, such mechanism being described in more detail in my Patent No. 2,148,692 on Reference device, dated February 2l, i939.

It will thus be apparent to one approaching the cabinet from one side, or commonlyfrom the front, that the insertion or removal of'one or another of the cylinders2| is made handier by to the rightof the clock dial.

swinging the cabinet to the dotted-line position of Figs. 1 and 2. N n

The cabinet also has a pair of horizontal partitions 24 in a medial zone, and between these are rotatably disposed horizontal circular disks 25 in vertically-spaced pairs, each disk being independently rotatable andbearing on its periphery a linear progressive scale starting with i and ending with I2, the figures on the scale representing clock time, The disks 25 are disposed co-axially with the particular cylinders above and below the same, each disk being independently rotatable and having a relation rto the cylinder opposite the same, as indicated by the yarrows 3|.

Spaced from the center of the cabinet the walls `ri511 and |519 each display a clock dial 2t having a central disk 27 with al projecting knob 28. The

vdiskis divided with a succession of sector-shaped as a unit and have a connection illustrated in Fig. 5 with one of the lower disks 25 immediately Itis seen that the knob 28 has'l an inwardly directed spindle 28a carrying alpulley 2G'. rIhe adjacent disk 25 also has a pulley 25a from which a belt 25h extends to the pulley 20 at an even ratio, so that the rotation of theparticular .disk will be duplicated by that of the pointer 29 at the same rate; also, the connection is such that the numbers on the disk nected to the pointer or master timer 29 on each face of the cabinet and that all the other disks are free to rotate independently. Also, the gearing between the parts mentioned is shown merely as a matter of example, and any other type of gearing which will procure the proper operative connection may be employed. l

The front and back walls of the cabinet are each perforated with a long vertical T-shaped slot 32Y opposite the center of each lcylinder 2|,

the slotsin the back wall necessarily having an inverted position, but appearing upright when the cabinet is rotated to change sides or be read romthe front. Adjacent to each slot 32 a vertical wire 34 extendsspacedly from the wall and forms a pintle for a sheet metal shutter 35, whereby to enable the latter to be in the open position indicatedby'full lines in Fig. 3, or to be swung to close'the' slot 32 as shown in the lower portion of Fig. 4 at the right. When open, each shutter 35 reveals channel flanges 35a for the insertion of a card 36; and the center'of the shutter has a cross-slot 35h to exposethe corresponding portion of the back ofthe card 3G when the shutter is closed. The operation of the shutters is more rfully described in my Patent No. 2,093,530, issued September 21, 1937.

. As the novel' le cabinet is for the reference and 'aid of workmen in baking and similar establishments, the cylinders 2| are designed to carry itate the preparation and proper content of baking doughs, `baking mixtures and the like. Thus,

' Fig. "lfshows a specimen -cylindercovered with a various proven formulas which may greatly facil- Thus, each principal division of the formula re'` lates to the fermentation period or age of the basicisponge when used. The rst main division of the formula is consulted when the basic sponge is of normal age or properly conditioned`to` minutes old or over-fermented. The second main division of the `formula shows the age of the `sponge to be from one hour to one and three quarters hours over-fermentedand' so on; For facility in distinction, each main'division is of a diierent color, therst being white, the second being green, the third being red, and so on,

The card 36 lists the ingredients for the`formu` dients required for a given quantity of product dough or mixture.

The age of the basicsponge when used directly controls the weight of sponge, iiour, water and yeast necessary for mixing Athe particular product dough or mixture. The remaining ingredients for the dough, such as salt, sugar, shortening and `so on, remain constant regardless of the age of the sponge when lused. Therefore, in order to procure the proper formula, the worker must know the approximate age of the basic sponge when used and turn the` cylinder to thecorresponding color as viewed through the slot 32,`the desired colored division of the formula being readily determined by reference to the clock dial indicator 2B` and disk 25, aswill presently" be` described. By loc'atingW the `number of quarts of mixture requiredsee 36a, Fig. `4`as shown at the top of the ingredient card 36 inthe main division which isl required forthe product dough, the tabulations in thecolurnn below will tell exactly how muchof each ingredient is necessary for the desired dough. Should pounds of` dough be used for calculation instead 'of quarts the same procedure is `followed,` only that the dough `batch or weight requirement is found by` reference to the bottom of the ingredient card"`36' (see 36h) and the required materials for the dough are located in thersame column`irnmedi` Three major requirements occur daily in the production department of a conventional baking" l establishment. First, the variety of products to i be baked that day, second, how many units of each variety are required, and third,"the mixing* sequence so as to` supply the baked'products to the'trade when wanted or customary.` With an `array of ingredient cards exposed in front ofthe product cylinders 2 I, itis likely that 'mistakes will occur from time toftime by the use o'f formulas `fromthe wrong cylinders. As noted,` the ingre-I dient cards 3S bear on their front faces a top reading of the product theyrepresent.` Thus, to

avoid error off choice, only those cards areleft open or exposed each day as represent products then wanted, the others being swungc'losed. this connection, the backs of the ingredientcards which are `closed willy bear theirproduct names for display through the openings 3,5b,lso Ythatonly the name of the product will appear for" purposes of identification. Ordinarily, an ingredient card `relates to a simple product iormula on the adjal cent cylinder sheet. However,i`n'case a cylinder is provided with two or three product formulas in rotary sequence, it follows that one or two additional ingredient lists must be provided for the same shutter. This can easily be done by printing a` single additional card with the extra formulas-if two are added-on both sides and sirn- Y ply hanging or mounting" the new card over the old one by means of hooks or clips from either side of the card over the shutter, making it easy to'expose that ingredient list which relates to particular product formula selected.

The arrangement in the center of` the novel cabinet facilitates the location of the desired color ormain divisions of the various charts bythe wo-rkerin` accordance with the plan of his daily routine. For example, his orders may be to prepare apan bread dough at 12:15 p. m., a soft roll dough at 1:30 p. In'. and a sweet rye dough at 4:45 p; m. It should be assumed that he has prepared or set a six-hour white basic sponge beforehand, such as at 6:15 a. rn. Having received the above instructions, he sets the disks 25 corresponding to the cylinders 2l of the products named to the clock time required when each` dough is to be mixed.` Thus, the disk opposite thepan bread cylinder' is set at 12:15, the one opposite the soft rolls cylinder at 1:30 andthe' disk for the sweet rye is set at 4:45, as shown in Fig. 4. However, by setting the pan `bread disk, the gearing previously described sets the pointer 29 to the same hour on the dial 26, namely 12:15.

The original settings of the disks 25 are madev when the vworkman receives the order, so that he may not forget later in the day what mixing hours 1were specified for each product'dough in the order;` and, when he consults a disk 25 for the particular mixing hour, he need only refer to the same hour on the control dial 26 to determine the color of the chart division he is to look for on the particular product-cylinder. In other words,

the desired color for'all doughs will appear oppoquarts or pounds of mixed dough required, `asr previously mentioned. i

'I'he amount of `mixed `dough* for 4any given` product isusually not furnished in the shop order to the workmen. He is simply told `how many loaves of one orl another type of bread are wanted or how many dozen-units of rolls or similar product are to be produced. I have `therefore pro` vided` a cylinder unit similar to `that just described for product doughs, and whose chartwith its master card `at the left-appears in Fig. '1. To read this chart in relation to itsmaster card, let it be assumed that the desired product is soft rolls, and vthat the known scaling weight of the dough for a dozen-unit is`l5 oz. The order calls for `iifteen units or' dozen. To determine the amount of dough required', vthe workman turns the cylinder to the scaling' weight number 15 and notes "the figure in the correspondingl column which `is horizontally opposite the Vmaster card number 15, which represents the number of units required. yThe resulting' figure is 14 lbs.'

the

and 1 oz. vrIhus, with thev scaling weight for i i specified units always known by the workman, the amount of'dough required may easily be` determined from the `above chart; or, ifiso desired `a similar chart in which fermentation'loss is' included in the calculations can be used.

One of the cylinder units 2l may also have a reference for the vpreparation of a basic sponge for the production of variety doughs, as shown in Fig. 4. It is essential that the proper formula be used in accordance with the amount of sponge wanted. For this purpose, the cylinder and ingredient card may be made with a general division above and a yeast division below, as

` indicated in Fig. 8.

It is seen that the required amount of fermented basic sponge is listed from 5 lbs. up in lateral order in the upper part of the chart. The ingredients for the sponge are carried by the card at the left and by turning the cylinder 2l to the amount orv weight of sponge required the workman quickly determines the quantitative ingredient combination in the column below for the total amount of fermented sponge required.

As in the case of the sponge chart of Fig. 8, yeast units are also carried by the other cylinder charts. Such yeast units govern the fermentation or conditioning period of the basic lsponge and also of each variety of dough. Thus, by varying the amounts of yeast in a sponge and keeping other conditions constant, a sponge can be regulated to` assume the proper condition in any desired period of time. The smaller the lamount of yeast used the longer will be the fermentation or conditioning period of the sponge or baking ldough, whereas, the larger the amount of yeast used the shorter will be the fermentation period.

In conventional shop practice I have found that periods of three to twelve hours cover the common range of time allowed for Sponges to ferment or condition. To accommodate this time range YI have chosen the sponge fermentation periods of 3-6-9 and 12 hours respectively as being the most desirable fermentation time periods commensurate with the various demands of the trade. A short time sponge such as one which v has undergone a three-hour fermentation period-requires a lesser amount of yeast in the nal dough stage .than one which has fermented twelve hours. The rate ofsponge fermentation particularly that of a basic sponge, is controlled by using a suitable amount of yeast, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 8. Since I have calculated the amounts of yeast necessary in my various product formulas to coincide with the age of the sponge at the time all the dough formula ingredients are combined,` I go a step further by pro- ,viding means for clearly indicating the amounts in 'any dough formula as long as the sponge age is known. Thus, I provide slides 40 in front and rear walls of the cabinet opposite the yeast units of the formula cylinders, making the slides ,horizontally operable'in suitable guides 4l, as

indicated in Fig. 6.

Eachl slide 4D is perforated opposite the formula cylinders witha set of square openings 42 in cascade formation except for an intermediate vertical opening 43. The openings 42 are in f 43 is provided for a full exposure of the-column in case a formula has no yeast unit, likeifor cake, pie etc., the slide having no function in such event. i

The slide 40 is so designed that theV formulat figures successively exposed represent progressive sponge age values. A control based on these is shown in Figs. 4 and 6. Thus, in the right center of each cabinet Wall is an arcuate scale marked 12-9-0-6--3 to represent sponge fermentation periods in terms of hours. A pointer 44 having a terminal enlargement 44a is pivoted in the cabinet wall to indicate the scale and has its hub 44h extended along the inside of the cabinet with a rising rod 45 terminating with a fork 45a. The latter straddles a pin 40a projecting `from the slide and serves to move the latter in accordance with the adjustment of the pointer 44. Thus, with the sponge age known andset by the pointer, the slide will expose the proper yeast values in all the formula charts in the upper row, including the` yeast value for the basic sponge. The control is duplicated in the lower row, but conveniently vcentered in the hub 44h with a stub shaft 46 having its own arrow 46a and actuating rod 41, the arrow being independently operable in relation to the pointer 44. Thus, one control is independent of the other, while both are compactly grouped.y By means of the mechanism just described the yeast for the master sponge simultaneously records the yeast for each baking dough. The mechanism conceals unwanted yeast data, thereby preventing confusion and possible errors, and constitutes an important safeguard, since yeast improperly administered willproduce undesirable characteristics in the resultant products. While the mechanism described above for operating the perforated slides. is the preferred one, any other suitable one may be employed. Thus, each slide may carry its own hand control.

All modern baking establishmentsl are vitally concerned with the various costs involved in production. One important item is the actual cost of materials used ina baking dough or other mixture. In small establishments it is not uncommon to find material cost per batchv or mixture unknown because of lack of time and the tiresome task involved in lengthy calculations. To overcome these and other obstacles I have included'a cost finding chart with a novel horizontal and vertical sliding mechanism attached in the base of the cabinet as shown more fully in Figs. 3, 9 and 10. Thus, the base E3 of the cabinet stand is formed with a separate back 50 to which it is hinged as indicated at 5l. The back is in the nature of a receptacle in which is slidab'le a board 52 having a chart 52a on its face and suitable means to retain it to the receptacle when fully pulled out. When the cabinet is onv a horizontal support, as in Fig. 1, the board or slide 52 may be pulled out horizontally as indicated by .dotted lines in the said iigure and also in Fig. 9 for the inspection of its chart. However, when the cabinet is mounted on a wall, as in Fig. 2, it is preferable that it be suspended by means of eyes 53 from the back 56 hung on nails driven into the wall. Now, when the chart board 52 is to be withdrawn for inspection, the base It and cabinet are swung and raised away from the back 50, so that the base and board are again in a substantially horizontal position. To become fixed in this position, the base I8 carries a slotted quadrant bracket 54 engageable by a thumbscrew 55 carried by the back 50, so that the parts raised may be stationed at any height or angle. When the base I8 is in the vertical position of Fig. the chart board 52 is retained from dropping out by a cross-latch 50a carried by its knob 50h.

The cost chart 52a., illustrated in Fig. 10 carries Sil.

e ingexcessive over-production of` bakery products progressive cost i figures l. per `unit 1 of` material l lateral sequence, andquantitative values ver- "tical sequence. A laterally-movable `slide 5B has a scale of quantity calibrationsin three divisions and a set of secondary slides 51 for the particular corresponding figure on the slide 56." Thefcostis readily seen in the square where Aslots 56a and 51a i `oi the affected slides intersect. 'I'o illustrate, the

cost is `to be `ascertained for 4,- lbs..47`1/2` oz. of

material at 9 per lb. `The slide `56`is moved to the` 9 column and the top slide `5,1 to theflgllle 4in the Pounds division pf the scale 5t.,y The `product is .360. The middle slide 51 is now moved to `ligure 'lof the Ounces division, obtaining the i product .0394; and the bottom slide 5l is `moved to figure 1/2 of the Fractional oz. scale, obtaining ,the` product .0028. (The three` figures are vnow `added thus: i .36o

.4022 the sum constituting the desired cost. f

`In order that a variety `of productformula wrappers, ingredient` cards,` data sheets, etc. may be handily available for purposes of application or replacement tothe cabinet cylindersor shutters, I have provided a set of built-in les inthe mtopeand bottom of the cabinet and positioned longitudinally between the rows of cylinders. `The two les are identical, and each is primarily composed of a box Bil open at the top and preferably recessed in front, as indicated at lllapin the manner of an index ille.l The box has a lid 6I hinged at theback, as shown at Gla and with an upstanding knob 62 in the middle. Under thelid the knob carries a gear 63 meshing withY racks 64a 45 i on opposite sides, the rackslrforming `the inner portions `of a pair of longitudinal-extending bolts 64 which pass through slots 65 in the ends ofthe `cabinet in beveled form whenthe box is sunken therein and compresses two spiral springs 66 under it. In this positionthe lid is locked and flush with the outside of the cabinet, so `that the rotation of the latter will not displace the le. However, when one oi the files is to be opened, the cabinet is positioned to locate the file at the top. The partial turn of the knob 62 now withdraws the bolts, allowing the box 60 to be pushed up `by `the springs 6B to a readily accessible position, the rise of the box inducing the lid to swing open `and allow access to the le `from above. 60

tion that I have provided a reference cabinetcf i unusual novelt and racticabilit which takes l y p y t manually rotatable on their axes andbearing ref- It will be evident from the foregoing descripguesswork and uncertainty out of the routine of baking dough and other baking mixtures and preparations, and which improves the daily shop routine as follows: i

1. It simplies the duty of the workman 'in calculating his daily shop order requirements, regardless of the dough process or mixtures 'to be usually resulting in stale goods.

4. It makes possible a practical means for the "application of thefbasic or.masi".er spongesystem into any number of varieties `of yeast `raised ,i bakery products. `The chief advantagesof `this dough-product system valone are: 4

a; Saves time.

. Eliminates punching .doughs b c. `Lessens confusion in fermentation problems.,

5`.`"It permits'a complete" change of any type, t of `formulas at any time desired, simply and quickly performed.

` 6. It enables chronological `mixing to suit any requirement.

7 It will successfully handle every type of bak ving formula or preparation.

8. It providesmeans for determining the cost of each batch or mix. i

9. It provides acompact and ecient appliance llconveniently" grouping a .relatively` large,"

amount of `practical information and accessory controlmeans in a space which hardly exceeds a 'square foot in area.

l In conclusion, it is proper to statethat while theA illustrated examples constitute a practical embodiment of the invention, itis understood that do not limit myself to the exact details of any `of V.the illustrations used, since it is possible that other or equivalent means might be employedto accomplish the same result, without departing fromv the scope and spirit of my inven-` tion as covered in the appendedclaims. t

I'claim:

1. A reference unit comprising a verticalcylindenbearing on its periphery indicia representingnumerical values arranged in columns` and in rows intersecting the rows,.and a slide positioned ktially-located opening as the slide` is moved in steps equal tothe widths-of the openings.

12.` The structure of claim 1, the slide also having an opening in `the cascading series vertically extended to simultaneously expose the values in all the rows coveredby the slide when theexl tendedopening `occupies the tangential position.

i `3.a reference apparatus comprising a cabinet havingV front, rear and en d walls, trunnions projecting from the end walls, a support including journalsfor the trunnions to render the cabinet `lotatabgle on a horizontal axis, sets of vertical cylinders close to the inner sides of the iront and rear walls respectively, the cylinders being erence data units on `their lperipheries readable rotary fsuccession, the data on one set of.:

cylindersubeing inverted relative tofthat on the "othertset, andsaid front and "rear walls having vertical slots opposite the `proximate portions of the related cylinders to reveal saidunits singly fon the rotation of any cylinder. i

`4. Thestructure oi claim 3, `each unit being distinctively marked, variabletime indicators for thecylindersand adapted" to `receive different `time settings, atime diahand a master'indicator Vwith sections adjustable alongthe time readings on the dial, said sections being marked as the units and indicative thereof in respect to such cylinders Whose time indicators have their settings corresponding to the dial readings opposite said. sections. Y

The structure of claim 3, the units being in diierent colors, variable time indicators for the cylinders and adapted to'receive different time settings, a time dial and a master indicator with sections adjustable along the time readings on the dial, said sections being colored as the units v and indicative thereof in respect to such cylinders site said sections.

Whose time indicators have their settings correv-spondingl to the dial readings opposite said secl5 tions.

6. vThe structure of claim 3, each unit being distinctively marked, rotatable time indicating disks located in terminally-spaced relation to the respective cylinders and adapted to ldisplay diiferent time settings, a time dial, andv a master indicator vWith sections adjustable along the time readings on the dial, said sections being marked as the units and indicative thereof in respect to such cylinders whose indicating disks have their settings corresponding to the dial readings oppo- 7. The structure of claim 3, each unit being v distinctively marked, rotatabletime indicating diskslmiated in terminally-spaced relation to` the respective cylinders and adapted to display different time settings;-a time dial, and a master indi- "cator With sections adjustable along the time readings on the dial, said sections being marked asthe units andindicative thereof in respect to such cylinders Whose indicating disks have their Vsettings corresponding'to the dial readings oppon site said sections, and a gearing to rotate one of said disks in accord With the adjusting movement of the master indicator.

8. The structure of claim 3, each unit being distinctively marked, `rotatable time indicating disks located in terminally-spaced relation to the respective cylindersand adapted to display different time settings, a time dial, and a mastei indicator With sections adjustable along the time readings on the dial, said sections being marked as the units and indicative thereof in respect to jsuch cylinders whose indicating disks have their settings corresponding to the dial readings opposite said sections, the dial being circular and the "adjustment of the sections rotary in respect to the dial, and a gearing to rotate one of said disks at the speed of they sections.

9. The structure of claim 3, each unit being distinctively marked, rotatable time indicating disks located in terminally-spaced relation to the respective cylinders and adapted to display different time settings, a time dial, and a master indicatorwith sections adjustable along the time readings on the dial, said sections being marked as the units andindicative thereof in respect to such cylinders Whose indicating disks have their settings corresponding to the dial readings opposite said sectionsthe dial being circular and the adjustment of thev sections rotary in respect to the dial, and an operative'connection between the master indicator and one of the disks to operate the same at the speed of the sections.

- 10. A reference apparatus comprising a cabinet, a row of vertical cylinders laterally aranged along the inner side ofone cabinet wall, the cylinders being rotatable on their axes and bearing reference data units on their peripheries readable in rotary succession, said wall having vertical slots opposite the proximate portions of the cylinders vto reveal saidunits singly on the rotation of any ycylinder,y the cylinderA peripheries being formed with vertically-divided sections, and meansy movable in-respect to similarly-positioned sections' to reveal only ycertain portions in the parts thereof which appear through said slots.

l1. A reference apparatus comprising a cabinet, a row of l vertical cylinders laterally arranged along the inner side of one cabinet Wall, the cyl inders being rotatable on their axes and bearing reference data units on their peripheries readable in rotarjT succession, said Wall having Vertical slots opposite the proximate portions of the cylinders to reveal said units singly on the rotationl of any cylinder,- the cylinder peripheries being formed with vertically-divided sections containing further sub-divisions, and means movable Vin respect to similarly-positioned sections to reveal only certain ones of the sub-divisions appearing through the slots. l

l2. A yreference apparatus comprising a cabinet, a row of vertical cylinders laterally arranged along the inner side of one cabinet Wall, the cylinders being rotatable on their axes and bearingr` reference data units onf their peripheries readable in rotary succession, said Wall having vertical slots opposite the proximate portions of the cylinders to reveal said units singly on therotation of any cylinder, the cylinder peripheries being formed with vertically-divided sections containing further sub-divisions, and means movable in respect to similarly-positioned sections to reveal rotation of any cylinder, the cylinder peripheries being formed with vertically-divided sections containing further sub-divisions, and means movable in respect to similarly-positioned sections to reveal only certain ones of the sub-divisions appearing through the'slots, said means comprising a slide, operable along said similarly-positioned sections and formed With openings the Width of said slots and 'in sets cascaded at the sub-division levels.

14. A reference apparatus comprising a cabinet, a row of vertical cylinders laterally arranged along the inner side of one cabinet wall, the cylinders being rotatable on their axes and bearing reference data units on their peripheries readable in rotary succession, said Wall having vertical slots opposite the proximate portions of the cylinders to reveal said units singly on the rotation of any cylinder, the cylinder peripheries being formed with vertically-divided sections containing further sub-divisions, and means movable in respect to similarly-positioned sections to reveal only4 certain ones from the sub-divisions appearing through the slots, said means compris-l ing a slide operable along said similarly-positio-ned sections and formed with openings the Width of said slots and in sets cascaded at the sub-division levels, a medial opening being the `height of the sections.

Cil

15. i A reference apparatus comprising a cabinet, a row of vertical cylinders laterally arranged along the inner side of one cabinet Wall, the cylinders being rotatable on theiraxes and bearing i reference data units on their peripheries readi able in rotary succession, said wall having vertical slots opposite the proximate portions of the cylinders tc reveal said unitssingly on the rotation of any cylinder, the cylinder peripheries being formed with vertically-divided sections containing further sub-divisions, and means movable in respect to similarly-positioned sections to reveal only certain ones from the sub-divisions appearing through the slots, said means comprising a slide operable along said similarly-positioned sections and formed with openings the Width of said slots and in sets cascaded` at the sub-division levels, the slide `being movable in steps substantially equal to the widths of said units, and means to indicate the steps in and the extent of the movement o the slide.

The structure of claim 10, said means being a slide movable along sai-d Wall and formed with openings for said portions, and a control for the slide comprising a pin projecting from the :tace the slide, a rotatable knob in said Wall, and a fork extended from said linob to straddle said pin and induce the movement of the slide on the rotation of the knob.

17. The structure of claim 16, said means being a side movable along said Wall and formed with openings for said portions, and a control a fork extended from said knobto straddle said pin and induce the movement of the slide on the i rotation ofV the knob, a pointer projected from l the knob on the front of said Wall, and a scale inders being rotatableA on their axes and bearing reference data units on theirperipheries readable in rotary succession, saidwall having yvertical slots opposite `the proximate portions of contairning `further sub-divisions, "and means movable in respect to similarly-positioned sections to reveal only certain ones of the sub-divisions ,appearing` through the slots, said meansv comprising a slide operable between said wall said similarly-positioned sections and formed with openings the Width of said slots andin sets eascaded at the sub-division levels.

i9. A reference apparatus comprising a cabinet, two vertically-spaced rows of vertical cylinders laterally arranged along the inner side of one cabinet Wall, the cylinders being rotatable on their axes and bearing reference data units on their peripheries readable in rotary succession, said Wall having vertical slots opposite the proximate portions of the cylinders to reveal said units singly on the rotation of any cylinder, the cylinder peripheries being formed with Vertically-divided sections, and means in respect to the inner sections to reveal only certain portions in the parts thereof which appear through said slots, said means comprising a slide oppositeieach set of said inner sections and formed With openings for said portions, and a dual control for the slides comprising a pair of rotary actuators pivoted in the Wall andconcentrically mounted in respect to each other and means between the actuators and the slides to operate the latter individually.

20. The structure of claim 19, pointers for the actuators directed toward the respective` sli-des, and scale indicia on the wall in the regions of the pointers to indicate the positions in the movements thereof.

WILLIAM WALMSLEY. 

